Fantastic Voyage Battle of the Lung Essay Example for Free

Fabulous Voyage Battle of the Lung Essay Great morning everybody! Marking on, India Hornsby with ASAP Health. I will report live inside Mrs. Frizzle. She has been sickly for around two days now. A bacterium is attacking the lower flap of her correct lung. It’s my business to direct the attack and do a live report on what I see. I will enter from the privilege femoral vein and follow a way to the lower flap of the correct lung through the privilege pneumonic supply route. I will portray the structures that I go by and through. When I have arrived at the lung, I will portray the structures that I see and talk about how the body battles against the intruder. After that I will leave the body cross the alveolar film on a way and out the nose. I will enter Mrs. Frizzle body through the femoral vein. The femoral vein is situated in the upper thigh and pelvic district of the body and runs near the femoral conduit (Yahoo Health, 2012). It’s one of the bigger veins in the dishonest framework (Yahoo Health, 2012). The femoral vein returns blood in the leg to the heart by means of the iliac vein (WiseGeek, 2012). Proceeding with North from the femoral vein I will go through the inguinal tendon. The inguinal tendon structures a band that runs from the front better iliac spine than the pubis region of the spine (Yahoo Health, 2012). It fills in as a base to the inguinal channel since hernias can frame there. The primary capacity of the inguinal tendon is to ensure the tissue that is continually moving in the storage compartment and lower furthest points of the body (Yahoo Health, 2012). From the inguinal tendon despite everything traveling north I will go through the outer iliac vein. The outside iliac vein is a continuation of the femoral vein over the inguinal tendon. It begins at the crotch and runs along the edge of the pelvic territory (Yahoo Health, 2012). At the point when it is joined with the inside iliac vein it frames the normal iliac vein. The outer iliac vein depletes the leg and lower some portion of the front stomach divider (Merriam-Webster, 2012). As I proceed on I will pass the inner iliac vein toward the East. The interior iliac vein joins with the outer iliac vein to frame the regular iliac vein. It depletes the pelvis, gluteal, and perineal districts (Merriam-Webster, 2012). Next I will be going through the basic iliac vein, which is shaped by the outer and interior iliac veins. It permits blood dissemination from the lower midsection and legs (Wise Geek, 2012). The hepatic vein does deoxygenated blood of the liver and into the second rate vena cava (Wise Geek, 2012). The blood that was utilized to take care of the liver and the blood from the gastrointestinal tract, spleen, pancreas, and gallbladder is moved through the hepatic vein. From the hepatic vein I will at that point go through the second rate vena cava. The second rate vena cava runs behind the stomach cavity and close by the correct vertebra segment of the spine (Yahoo Health, 2012). It conveys oxygen drained blood from the lower some portion of the body back to the heart. The second rate vena cava purges into the correct chamber (Yahoo Health, 2012). Next stop is the correct chamber. It’s situated on the lower rear of the heart. The correct chamber is one of the four offices of the heart. Blood enters the heart through the two chambers (Yahoo Health, 2012). Oxygen exhausted blood enters the correct chamber through the second rate and prevalent vena cava (Yahoo Health, 2012). I will at that point go through the tricuspid valve. It shapes the limit between the correct ventricle and chamber (Yahoo Health, 2012). The tricuspid valve has tree folds that shield blood from returning into the correct chamber when they are shut. Next I will be proceeding onward to the correct ventricle. It is one of the four offices of the heart, situated at the lower left segment of the heart underneath the correct chamber and inverse the left ventricle (Yahoo Health, 2012). The correct ventricle is liable for siphoning oxygen exhausted blood to the lungs. I will presently go through the privilege pneumonic supply route. It starts at the base of the heart’s right ventricle and is around 3 cm in breadth and 5 cm long (Yahoo Health, 2012). It at that point parts into the left and right pneumonic veins. The privilege aspiratory corridor conveys oxygen exhausted blood to the correct lung. From the privilege aspiratory course I have made it to the correct lung. Once in the lung I will make a trip South West to arrive at the lower flap of the correct lung. I’m at last in the lung. I can at last observe what it resembles. I see a structure that resembles a three without leaves. I am passing the correct essential bronchi. It is a cylinder like structure that take into account the entry of air between the trachea and lung (Health Type, 2012). As I move along the correct essential bronchi fans out into the correct auxiliary bronchi. Every last one of the bronchi fills in as an aviation route to a particular flap of the lung (Wikipedia, 2011). The bronchi have ligament plates, smooth muscles, and bodily fluid emitting organ cells in its divider (Wikipedia, 2011). They contain cilia, which evacuates residue and flotsam and jetsam. Amazing! The correct auxiliary bronchi are fanning out into little paths called bronchioles. The bronchioles are liable for controlling air appropriation and wind stream obstruction in the lungs (Wise Geek, 2012). They additionally contain cilia that assist move with airing through the framework. The bronchioles are presently ending at the alveolar channels. They are the minuscule end channels that fill the lungs. Toward the finish of the alveolar conduits are the alveolar sacs. The alveolar sacs look like a group of grapes (Structure and Function, 2008). The dividers of the alveolar sacs are comprised of various alveoli, every one of them take after a solitary grape (Structure and Function, 2008). To battle the bacterium intrusion in Mrs. Frizzle body a gathering of numerous organs and billions of openly moving and trillions of free-skimming particles in various zones of the body cooperate (Structure and Function, 2008). Vague or natural resistance is kept up by instruments that assault any aggravation or irregular substance that undermines the inside condition (Structure and Function, 2008). Mrs. Frizzle vague invulnerability kicked in when the attacking bacterium entered the lung. Pac man-like white platelets called monocytes and macrophages make a move. They at that point hectically enroll various different cells including more macrophages, neutrophils, and common executioner cells (Greater Immunity, 2010). Every one of these cells cooperate to crush the intruder. In the body’s guard, Mrs. Frizzle will build up a fever. The fever is the body’s method of managing all the more adequately with the trespasser. Afterward, during recuperation, lymphocytes become dynamic and make antibodies which will support Mrs. Frizzle manage that specific bacterium, in the event that she happens to experience it once more (Greater Immunity, 2010). The actuated lymphocytes and antibodies become some portion of Mrs. Frizzle obtained insusceptibility. Explicit or procured invulnerability incorporates defensive components that present explicit assurance against particular sorts of attacking microscopic organisms or other harmful material (Structure and Function, 2008). Mrs. Frizzle developed explicit invulnerability during her disease. Her memory cells in her insusceptible framework took in the disease and recalled how to beat it later on if it somehow managed to happen once more. Explicit invulnerability can be regular or fake. Regular invulnerability is normally acquired from the guardians. Fake insusceptibility is inoculation. Since the â€Å"Battle of the Lung† is archived I can get back. I will currently cross the alveolar film into the alveoli. I will take the alveoli to the bronchioles. From the bronchioles I will go through the bronchi. I will at that point take the bronchi to the trachea. Next I will take the trachea to the nasopharynx. After leaving the nasopharynx I will show up at the orthopharynx. I will at that point take the orthopharynx to my goal, out the nose. This was to be sure an incredible journey. I trust you have learned the same amount of as I have. Marking out, India Hornsby at ASAP Health.

Kinetics of Drug Degradation and the Effect of pH on Drug Stability Lab Report

Energy of Drug Degradation and the Effect of pH on Drug Stability - Lab Report Example This iodine level perusing at that point shows the measure of iodine and subsequently the measure of the medication that had been debased and dependent upon the response with the spent iodine (Yoshioka and Stella 2000, pp. 61-69; Cohen et al. 1984; Brucat n.d.; Laude 2011; Stretton 2004). The spectrophotometer was aligned to 324 nm for frequency, focused with the utilization of water, and set to absorbance recording. For the preliminary run, 250 mL limit Flask 2 was utilized to hold 10 mL of the medication in fluid arrangement utilizing a pipette, along with 120 mL of water. 250 mL limit Flask 1 was utilized to hold 10 mL of water, 50 mL of fluid iodine arrangement, and 10 mL of H2SO4, 0.1 M, in like manner utilizing a pipette. All of Flask 1 was filled Flask 2, and twirled, simultaneously denoting the beginning of the clock. Carafe 2 substance were emptied once again into Flask 1. At the 30 second imprint, the perusing for absorbance is noted, and this perusing is accomplished for at regular intervals up to the six minutes mark. The pH of the blend is likewise noted. This is a run. The real test is done in five emphasess of this run, with the underlying Flask 2 substance held, while the Flask 1 corrosive and water levels were shifted by the table beneath (Yoshioka an d Stella 2000, pp. 61-69; Cohen et al. 1984; Brucat n.d.; Laude 2011; Stretton 2004): Utilizing the information for the absorbance at various pH and time, the angle is determined with the utilization of LINEST and SLOPE to decide the pace of response. Both yield similar outcomes. The determined paces of response are given beneath: The pace of decrease of iodine focuses is a component of the sharpness of the arrangement, as can be found in Graph 1. Where the pH is generally acidic, which is test 5 at a pH estimation of 2.05, the pace of decay is quickest. This compares to the quickest pace of corruption for Drug X. Chart 2 is to be deciphered in a similar way. Where the slant is least negative

How a Drunk Driving Conviction Affects Your Insurance

How a Drunk Driving Conviction Affects Your Insurance Addiction Alcohol Use Drunk Driving Print How a Drunk Driving Conviction Affects Your Insurance You Will Probably Need SR-22 Insurance By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Updated on May 08, 2018 Doug Menuez Collection / Stockbyte / Getty Images More in Addiction Alcohol Use Drunk Driving Binge Drinking Withdrawal and Relapse Children of Alcoholics Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery If you are convicted of drunk driving, in most states your automobile insurance rates are likely going to go up for at least three years and you will probably be learning at lot about something called SR-22. Whether your state calls it driving under the influence, driving while intoxicated or operating a vehicle while intoxicated if you are convicted of any of those offenses, chances are your insurance rates will increase before you are allowed to drive again. SR22 Insurance Laws Vary by State The penalties regarding drunk driving vary from state to state, but in every state, if you are convicted of impaired driving, your drivers privileges will be suspended for at least 30 days to one year, even on the first offense. In most states, to get your drivers license and privileges back, you will have to provide the licensing agency with an SR-22 form, which proves that you have motor vehicle liability insurance. Under SR-22 laws, the insurance company is required to notify the licensing agency, usually the department of motor vehicles, if the policy is canceled, terminated or lapses. Your Insurance Premiums Could Triple When you go to your auto insurance agency to get an SR-22 form, your company will consider you a high-risk driver and increase your insurance premiums. This is especially true if you were previously in a preferred class or received safe-driver discounts. If you are convicted of drunk driving, your auto insurance premiums can double, and in some states, even triple. You may want to shop around; some companies specialize in high-risk policies. Not All Companies Offer SR-22 Policies Some insurance companies do not offer SR-22 insurance policies. If you are convicted of drunk driving and your company does not offer SR-22, the company will cancel or not renew your current policy. You will have to find another company that does offer SR-22 and when you do, you can count on your rates being higher because then you would also have a cancellation on your claims history. Some states have laws that prohibit insurance companies from canceling policies before the term expires, even if you are convicted of a drunk driving charge. Check the laws  in your state. How Long Will Your Rates Increase? Again, laws vary from state to state, but generally, a drunk driving conviction will affect your insurance status for at least three years in most states for a first offense. For subsequent convictions, the length of time is much longer. Many states now have drunk driving laws that provide enhanced penalties for special circumstances, such as if someone was injured, if a child was in the vehicle, if your blood alcohol concentration exceeded a certain level or if you were under the age of 21 at the time of your arrest. For example, in all 50 states, a blood alcohol concentration of .08 is the level considered legally intoxicated. But in 40 states, penalties for a DUI conviction are doubled if the driver registers a high BAC level (usually over .15 or .20). How Can You Avoid Increase Rates? Increased rates for auto insurance only come into play if you want your drivers privileges restored. You can avoid those extra costs by walking or taking public transportation. A few states still allow the operation of mopeds without a license. Even if you do not personally own a vehicle, but wish to have your driving privileges restored after a DUI conviction, you still must provide an SR-22 form by buying a non-owner policy. In other words, you will have to buy insurance for a car that you do not even own. The best way to avoid increased insurance premiums is simple. Dont get behind the wheel while intoxicated. Use a designated driver. Call a taxi. Its much cheaper in the long run.

What Are The Key Features Of The Welfare State - 1814 Words

What are the key features of the welfare state? At first, asking what are the key features of the welfare state are, seems relatively simple: to protect the most at risk in a society? But it is vastly more complicated question to answer when truly thinking about it deeply. The wider impact and problems surround the question of Welfare and what those key features are and should be. Further to this, dependent on who is in charge of the state, may change the very definition of what they consider to be Welfare and how far it should go, based perhaps on their political ideology; be they Conservative or Labour for example, each party may have differing views of how far the state should intervene within the realm of social policy. Firstly this essay will show how and why the foundations of the welfare state came about. The essay will attempt to identify and explain what the key features of the ‘classic welfare state’ (Lowe, 2005), although this is difficult to define as there are many subjectively important features within the realm of welfare, one can easily argue strongly for each separate feature and its level of importance, within society. So this essay will aim to show what are broadly speaking the most crucial within society and what features have been consistently at the forefront of government’s welfare and will finally summarise the findings. To begin, this essay will look at why and how the welfare state came about. It is however important to acknowledge that the exactShow MoreRelated America Needs to Invest the Social Security Trust Fund Essay example799 Words   |  4 PagesAmerica Needs to Invest the Social Security Trust Fund Our nation ensures social welfare through Social Security. However, the United States cannot ensure the welfare of its own welfare system. 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The Recession Of The United States - 1192 Words

Introduction The 2008-2010 recession is a period when an economic decline was witnessed in major world markets. The U.S. was among the worst hence pressuring the Federal Reserve to make efforts towards evading further damages. The recession was characterized by a rise in both economic demand and asset prices. Other features of the recession included high cases of unemployment, slumping commodity prices, and a drop of international trade. To avoid a further economic decline, the Federal Reserve implemented various strategies that would help stabilize the nation. In cases of economic imbalances are viewed as the main cause of the recession. In response to the recession’s damages, the Federal Bank had the main task of restoring sanity,†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ To highlight the steps that the Federal Bank followed in evading the recession. †¢ To identify the impacts of the Federal Bank’s actions to the country’s loans, interest rates, and business institutions. Problem Statement The 2008-2010 recession is viewed by many Americans as more severe compared to the 1930s Great Depression. This recession threatened the stability of financial institutions, and a severe drop of stock markets. The crisis facilitated the collapse of key businesses such as the housing sector; consumer wealth declined as well as a downturn in economic activities. The consequences of the recession were negative, and they threatened the stability of major economies. All the faulty monetary and fiscal policies had to be developed for purposes of saving the American economy. The outcome of the recession was so severe that identifying appropriate solutions seemed to be an impossible task. However, the presence of the Federal Bank helped solve the great mystery that was damaging the most economies’ economic well-being. The knowledge of the Federal Bank’s action plan is vital since such challenges may be experienced in the future. Literature Review The Federal Bank implemented various strategies with which it fought the negative impacts of the recession. Various steps were followed in reinstating America’s economy to its previously stable state. The steps followed involved; †¢ Identification of the causative

Essay on The Sister Religions - 580 Words

The Sister Religions Judaism, Christianity and Islam are often referred to as sister religions because they are closely related. However, several pronounced differences tend to alienate the three over the course of history, inducing each to alternate between periods of persecution and tolerance, even to today. Age, founder, population of believers, culture of origin, documentation, and differing views on the Messiah all factor in determining the differences and similarities between these three world religions. To begin, Judaism is the oldest of the three, more of a mother religion. During the Roman occupation of the traditional Jewish homeland, Christianity came into being. Six hundred years later, Islam formed in the Middle†¦show more content†¦In addition, Christianity incorporates about one third of the entire worlds population as followers, divided into differing sects. Islam is the second largest of the three, and Judaism the smallest. 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Continuous Improvement Plan for Lucent Technologies-Free Samples

Question: How Do Continuous Improvement Plan For Lucent Technologies? Answer: Introduction Mackay Regional Council (MRC) is installing a shared footpath in Quota Park for which the company is looking for contractors. A tender has been prepared to seek services from construction contractors for carrying out all the required activities for construction. MRC project has been funded by the Department of Transport and Main Roads (TMR) under the Cycle Network Local Government Grants program for the construction. This report is prepared to develop a continuous improvement plan for the construction project of Quota Park Pathway. A continuous improvement process begins with the identification of current business processes which in this case would be the current improvements in the construction project. These processes are then analyzed to identify scope for waste elimination and value creation(Lee, et al., 2007). Case Study Mackay Regional Council (MRC) is in the process of constructing a shared footpath in Quota Park for the public use for which a tender was prepared to call for vendors for managing construction project. The work would involve supply of all resources including labour and material and construction of culverts, footpath, turf, fencing, pavement and installation of signage as per given drawings in the tender. The project scope also includes waste removal and disposal. The work has to be completed in compliance with the safety, traffic, and environmental standards which include provisions of site establishment, traffic, environment management, drainage management, protection, landscape management and revegetation, earth work, road furniture, and construction of paving. The contract that would be prepared for the execution of the project would include all the operations and terms related to labour management, plant provisions, material, supervision, survey, and more. Continuous Improvement Plan Description This project involves construction of a footpath in Quota part for which a construction tender has been published to call for suppliers and contractors. The purpose of continuous improvement plan is to endure that the construction project gives the best results to the organization using continuous improvement processes. Rationale A continuous improvement process follows Demings Plan Do Check Act cycle in which a plan is first developed on the basis of scope for improvement. This involves selection of a process, identification of purpose, defining of process, data collection, visualization and analysis. Once data analysis is complete, a plan is developed, approved and implemented in the pilot phase. The outcomes are verified and performance is measured to further identify scope for improvement so that new procedures can be established and required changes can be standardized and managed. Objectives The continuous improvement plan has following objectives: To identify if there are wastages in the construction processes and make a plan to eliminate the same Analyse current facilities to come up with a plan for value addition Explain the process of continuous improvement and apply the steps to the case of the construction project Responsible Group The continuous improvement project would include some considerations for planning the responsible team for executing the plan. These considerations include complexity of issues, need for expertise, time requirement, functional areas, and complexity of implementation. A team leader would be involved in managing the entire team as a coordinator who would take information from all the members of the team during the improvement process. The team leader would have certain roles including: Serve as primary coordinator between the project team and sponsor Coordinating the logistics in teams Plan and evaluate meetings with the facilitator Keep the record of all activities carried out the by the team Provide information to all the team members that is required for continuous improvement The team facilitator would have following job responsibilities on the project: Providing assistance to the team leader in meetings Coach the members of the team on the improvement processes Facilitate the group dynamics to enhance productivity Get advisors from outside if required(CCME, 2007) Members for the continuous improvement team would be selected on the basis of the following criteria: Ability to attend all the team meetings Make decisions on the basis of facts and data Have an open mind for learning methods of process improvements Be committed to the continuous improvement Follow the rules set by the project team Independent from each other in making improvements Interested in improving processes Have the knowledge about all the processes to be improved One has to be motivated to bring the process improvements Who are involved in the entire process of improvement from beginning till end(The Pennsylvania State University , 2005) Tasks and activities The continuous improvement plan would have some steps followed through the planning and implementation of continuous improvement for the construction project. They include: Obtaining commitment from the CEO of the company to get buy-in for continuous improvement Educate the top management about continuous improvement concepts such as Demings cycle Create a steering committee to have a monitoring and control over the construction project continuous improvement Identify vision, mission and guiding statements Prepare a workflow of the existing processes in the project Conduct surveys of people including owner, customer and employees Provide training to project team on continuous improvement Establish standards for quality improvement for teams Implement process improvement Use continuous improvement tools to make improvements. The process can be divided into three major stages including Preparation: In the preparation phase, organization identifies a vision for continuous improvement and identifies goals. Present status of the company would be studied and desired state in the future would be analyzed to understand that gap between current and future states. Based on the requirements for improvement, managers would be prepared for leading the activities and tasks. The project would require development of right infrastructure to carry out the activities for continuous development. People responsible for managing processes would be identified. Launch: In this phase, the activities planned for improvement would be carried out and the resulting performance of the company operations would be measured. The phase involves communication of strategies and tools for improvement with all those involved such that a collective understanding of the vision for improvement would be obtained. Good practices for improvement would be identified by involving the staff and pilot processes would be implemented for improvement. The pilot phase would lead to a learning which can be used for the actual implementation at a later stage in execution of the continuous improvement plan(HAMID, 2015). Implementation phase: In this stage, the scope of the improvement activities is increased as decisions can be made based on the measurements obtained from the pilot stage. At this stage, it is very important that processes are aligned and people are managed well. Staffs that contribute to the continuous improvement can be rewarded to keep the motivation on. At this stage, even stakeholders are involved to ensure that expected benefits are achieved from the execution of the continuous improvement plan(Wallace, et al., 1991). Opportunities for Improvement The opportunities for improvement need to be identified for all the processes involved in the construction project. This would involve identification of the problems on the project such as: The sequence of the execution of the construction plan may be explored to identify if sufficient resources or input elements are present before the actual construction would begin. If it is not the case then an improvement may be required by adding provisions before construction began The construction plan may cause high production lead times that can be due to wait time, cycle time, work-in-progress time wastage which can be reduced by applying lean tools for identification and elimination of wastages on the project(GRAHAM Group, 2010) The pace of the production may not be clearly defined which can improved with proper identification of activities and desired durations by the management before execution The monitoring on the project progress may not be very close which can lead to poor control of production. A reliable monitoring technique maybe introduced for improvement The pace of the production can be changed with hiring or releasing resources. In case of decline in the number of resources, higher compensation to others can be done to offset the loss of labour count. The project needs deliveries of materials to be made before the actual construction began and thus, it is important that the cycle time for material procurement and delivery must be less Inspections are required mostly for assessing project progress but at the same time it adds to the lead time. Thus, inspection time must be reduced as a measure for improvement(Vivan, et al., 2016). Certain improvement strategies can be suggested for the construction project for various construction project phases including deigning, procurement, planning and construction such as: Principles of waste reduction can be applied in the deigning stage to eliminate waste, improve design efficiency, and enhance flexibility. These principles include designing for reuse, off-site construction, material optimization, waste-efficient procurement design, and designing for deconstruction and flexibility. For improving the ordering accuracy in procurement, the supplies can be taken from nearby vendors such that order can be placed close to the actual utilization of materials for construction Reusable packing can be used by suppliers of the construction materials. If the sub-contractors are involved in early processes of construction project, communication can be improved. Potential opportunities where waste can be reduced may be identified and steps may be taken for waste reduction such as setting of surplus targets for waste reduction, use of take-back schemes for wasted material, use of re-usable packing and JIT for procurement and inventory management. Communication The communication on the continuous improvement would be managed through the formal procedures where the opportunities identified would be communicated to the change management team which would be followed by a meeting between team members and project manager. In this, meeting, a plan would be formulated for bring the required changes in the organization units for improvement of its processes. Based on this improvement plan, activities would be planned to carry out for the improvement of the old methods by adopting critical chain methodology. Regular communicating would also be made between different team members on improvement program using calls and emails. Stakeholders would also be involved on the project through meetings and emails at the time of requirement development, project outcomes assessment, and acceptance of the outcome of the continuous improvement(Achtmeyer, 2008). Monitoring Progress Continuous improvement tools can be used for monitoring the progress of the project and assess if the improvement has been made as per expectations. These include: Histograms: Histograms can depict frequencies of events or actions. These events could be those hindering the progress of the construction or adding wastages in terms of time or cost such as delays, waiting time and additional costs beyond allotment(Meiling, 2010). Cause and Effect Diagram: Factor that contributes to problems can be identified using cause and effect diagram. The cause and effect diagram would be prepared for the whole construction process as it progresses such that whenever there are problems occurring on the project, appropriate cause can be easily identified and worked upon Check Sheets: Check sheet can be used for collecting data related to problems(AISWARYA.K.LALAJI SIVAGAMI.M, 2014). Pareto Diagrams: Paretos rule can be used for illustrating the priorities of various problems. As per the rule, there would be 80% of the problems that would be contributed by 20% of the factors. Scatter Diagram: Scatter diagrams can be used for displaying relationships between the cause and effect of problems Flowcharts: Flowcharts can provide visual representations of the project activities, stages and decisions related to products or services of the organization(Ashworth, et al., 2013) Budget and Resource Implications For establishing control and reputing structure for the business units through critical chain methodology, both resources and budget would be required. The critical chain plan can be made based on the estimates of the probability of accomplishment of the tasks. To develop a budget that keeps the highest margin for safety and profits of the practices, cost element and resources have to be adjusted. If the deployment of critical chain methodology on projects needs more costs and effort then the schedules would be adjusted based on the need for increases duration that would result from expansion of the scope. A baseline would be created for the determination of need for costs and efforts as per the project buffer time. Adjustments can be made between the time required for impletion and the budget to be allotted(CMS, 2005). Resources can be alternatively utilized on multiple projects depending on the demand of customers. However, this multitasking of resources can result into reduction of the throughput of the whole organization. When resources would migrate from one project to another, intermittent spurts would be caused. This would result into change in the date of completion of the project(Hermansson Karlsson, 2016). Risk Prevention Methods While managing continuous improvement in the organization, risks have to be managed by the organization as risks can occur at various stages of continuous improvement. A strong risks management culture has to be created in the organization going through process improvement. This would involve defining of purpose and values of improvement, adoption of the improvement methods, creating a learning organization that takes lessons from improvement outcomes, and building communication mechanism that allow communication and management of risks. There can be three stages of the risk culture including building of cultural awareness for risk management, changing the organizational culture as per the requirement of risk management, and refining the culture to make improvements thru integrating risk related lessons in the culture, holding people accountable for the risks, and refining risk measurement processes to reflect upon the changes in the business strategies(ACHS, 2013). Conclusions This report was prepared to explore the case of MRC that is planning to construct a footpath in the Quota Park. The company has released a tender to seek construction contractors. In response to the tender, the company is expecting a construction plan and a continuous improvement plan for the construction project. The report involved preparation of the continuous implement plan that is presented covering essential sections of the plan including responsible groups, tasks and activities, opportunities for improvement, monitoring progress, communication, sustainable improvements, budget and resource implications, and risk prevention methods References ACHS, 2013. RISK MANAGEMENT QUALITY IMPROVEMENT HANDBOOK, s.l.: EQuIPNational . Achtmeyer, W. F., 2008. Continuous Process Improvement at Deere Company, s.l.: Tuck School of Business. AISWARYA.K.LALAJI SIVAGAMI.M, 2014. TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN CONSTRUCTION COMPANIES (KERALA). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (IJCIET) , 5(12), pp. 230-234 . Ashworth, M., Ahmed, S. M., Azhar, S. Castillo, M., 2013. Measurement of Construction Processes for Continuous Improvement, Miami: Florida International University. CCME, 2007. GUIDANCE DOCUMENT on CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT (CI) and KEEPING-CLEAN-AREAS-CLEAN (KCAC) , s.l.: Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment . CHAKOUR, P. MAZZOTTI, P., 2015. Construction Management Transformed by the Critical Chain Method. [Online] Available at: https://www.tocico.org/mpage/Chakour9_7IND [Accessed 10 May 2017]. CMS, 2005. Continuous Business Improvement Plan, s.l.: Charlotte Mecklenburg Schools . GRAHAM Group, 2010. Demonstrating continuous improvement in reducing construction waste, s.l.: GRAHAM Group. HAMID, H. B., 2015. CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT CSF FRAMEWORK FOR ASSESSING CI MATURITY IN ISO AND NON-ISO CERTIFIED CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTING ORGANIZATIONS, s.l.: Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia. Hermansson, M. Karlsson, M., 2016. Replacing discontinuous change with continuous improvement , Gothenburg, Sweden: CHALMERS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY. Lee, D. H., Song, Y. W. Choi, Y. K., 2007. CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT PLAN OF BUSINESS PROCESS IN CONSTRUCTION COMPANY, Seoul, Korea: Soongsil University. Meiling, J., 2010. Continuous Improvement and Experience Feedback in off-site Construction: Timber-framed Module Prefabrication, s.l.: Lule University of Technology. Reference for Business, 2000. Lucent Technologies Inc. - Company Profile, Information, Business Description, History, Background Information on Lucent Technologies Inc., Murray Hill, New Jersey: Lucent Technologies. The Pennsylvania State University , 2005. Leading for Continuous Improvement, s.l.: Innovation Insights. Vivan, A. L., Ortiz, F. A. H. Paliari, J. C., 2016. Model for kaizen project development for the construction industry. Gest. Prod., So Carlos, 23(2), pp. 333-349. Wallace, G. W., Hybert, P. R. Knicker-McCully, T., 1991. Continuous Improvement and Training , s.l.: Society of Manufacturing Engineers

Cloud Computing in Education Essay Example

Cloud Computing in Education Essay Cloud computing- an emerging trend in education in India 1. Introduction to cloud computing Cloud Computing is the use of common software, functionality or business applications from a remote server that is accessed via the Internet. Basically, the Internet is the cloud of applications and services that are available for access by subscribers utilizing a modem from their computer. With Cloud Computing, one simply logs into desired computer applications such as sales force or office automation programs, web services, data storage services, spam filtering, or even blog sites. Generally, access to such programs is by monthly or annual paid subscription. Through Cloud Computing, businesses may prevent financial waste, better track employee activities, and avert technological headaches such as computer viruses, system crashes, and loss of data. [pic] Characteristics a) Cloud Computing Is User Centric: Once as a user are connected to the cloud, whatever is stored there—documents, messages, images, applications, whatever—becomes authorized to the user access them. ) Cloud Computing Is Task-Centric: Instead of focusing on the application and what it can do, the focus is on what one need done and how the application can do it for us. Traditional applications—word processing, spreadsheets, email, and so on—are becoming less important than the documents they create. c) Cloud Computing Is Powerful: Connecting hundreds or thousands of computers together in a cloud creates a wealth of computing power impossible with a single desktop PC. d) Cloud Computing Is Accessible: Because data is stored in the cloud, users can instantly retrieve more information from multiple repositories. We will write a custom essay sample on Cloud Computing in Education specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Cloud Computing in Education specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Cloud Computing in Education specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We are not limited to a single source of data, as we do with a desktop PC. e) Cloud Computing Is Intelligent: With all the various data stored on the computers in a cloud, data mining and analysis are necessary to access that information in an intelligent manner. f) Cloud Computing Is Programmable: Many of the tasks necessary with cloud computing must be automated. For example, to protect the integrity of the data, information stored on a single computer in the cloud must be replicated on other computers in the cloud. If that one computer goes offline, the cloud’s programming automatically redistributes that computer’s data to a new computer in the cloud. 2. Services of Cloud Computing The rapid improvement of the capacity of online connectivity gave birth to cloud computing. Although the term was already used since the 90s, the actual adoption of cloud computing in relation to online computing started in the 21st century. Cloud computing is a general term for anything that involves delivering hosted services over the Internet. These services are broadly divided into three categories: a) Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS): Infrastructure as a Service is a provision model in which an organization outsources the equipment used to support operations, including storage, hardware, servers and networking components. The service provider owns the equipment and is responsible for housing, running and maintaining it. The client typically pays on a per-use basis. Characteristics and components of IaaS include: †¢ Utility computing service and billing model: (charges per usage) †¢ Automation of administrative tasks. Dynamic scaling. †¢ Desktop virtualization: (multiple network,, centrally located server. ) †¢ Policy-based services. †¢ Internet connectivity. b) Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS): Platform as a Service (PaaS) is a way to rent hardware, operating systems, storage and network capacity over the Internet. The service delivery model allows the customer to rent virtualized servers and assoc iated services for running existing applications or developing and testing new ones. Characteristics of Paas include: Operating system features can be changed and upgraded frequently. Geographically distributed development teams can work together on software development projects. †¢ Services can be obtained from diverse sources that cross international boundaries. Initial and ongoing costs can be reduced by the use of infrastructure services from a single vendor rather than maintaining multiple hardware facilities that often perform duplicate functions or suffer from incompatibility problems. †¢ Overall expenses can also be minimized by unification of programming development efforts. ) Software-as-a-Service (SaaS): Software as a Service (SaaS) is a software distribution model in which applications are hosted by a vendor or service provider and made available to customers over a network, typically the Internet. SaaS is becoming an increasingly prevalent delivery model as un derlying technologies that support Web services and service-oriented architecture (SOA) mature and new developmental approaches, such as Ajax, become popular. SaaS is closely related to the ASP (application service provider) and On Demand Computing software delivery model Characteristics of the SaaS include: easier administration †¢ automatic updates and patch management (acquiring, testing, and installing multiple patches (code)) †¢ compatibility: All users will have the same version of software. †¢ easier collaboration †¢ global accessibility. The traditional model of software distribution, in which software is purchased for and installed on personal computers, is sometimes referred to as software as a product. 3. Advantages Of Cloud Computing 1) Lower-Cost Computers for Users 2) Improved Performance 3) Lower IT Infrastructure Costs 4) Fewer Maintenance Issues 5) Lower Software Costs ) Instant Software Updates 7) Increased Computing Power 8) Unlimited Storage 9 ) Increased Data Safety 10) Improved Compatibility between Operating Systems 11) Improved Document Format Compatibility 12) Easier Group Collaboration 13) Universal Access to Documents 14) Latest Version Availability 15) Removes the Tether to Specific Devices 4. Disadvantages of cloud computing 1) Requires a Constant Internet Connection 2) Doesn’t Work Well with Low-Speed Connections 3) Can Be Slow 4) Features Might Be Limited 5) Stored Data Might Not Be Secure 6) If the Cloud Loses Your Data, You’re Screwed ) 5. History of Cloud computing [pic] [pic] [pic] 6. Architecture of Cloud Computing Individual users connect to the cloud from their own personal computers or portable devices, over the Internet. To these individual users, the cloud is seen as a single application, device, or document. The hardware in the cloud (and the operating system that manages the hardware connections) is invisible. [pic] It all starts with the front-end interface seen by individual users. T his is how users select a task or service (either starting an application or opening a document). The user’s request then gets passed to the system management, which finds the correct resources and then calls the system’s appropriate provisioning services. These services carve out the necessary resources in the cloud, launch the appropriate web application, and either creates or opens the requested document. After the web application is launched, the system’s monitoring and metering functions track the usage of the cloud so that resources are apportioned and attributed to the proper user(s). [pic] 7. The Future of Cloud Computing Cloud computing may be a relatively new concept for some businesses and consumers. But even though some businesses are only starting to adopt and realizing the advantages of cloud computing, industry giants are already looking forward to the next big step of cloud computing. â€Å"cloud† has become the application for business purposes. If a business will not consider their future in cloud computing, the challenges as well as the advantages of cloud computing may not be addressed and fully harnessed. 8. Level of Competition in Cloud Computing Industry Competition is always good in any industry. Through competition, the best services as well as the most competitive prices will come out. The cloud computing industry is no exception to this rule. Companies such as Amazon, Google, Sun Microsystems and SalesForce. com are only some of the highly recognized companies in the cloud computing industry. These companies offer advantages that will fit the need of any businesses. But the level of competition, as some industry experts predict, could soon be gone. The previously mentioned companies are aggressively promoting their services so that they could become the leader in the industry. These companies are now spending millions of dollars in hardware upgrades, human resources and even in advertising. Unfortunately, not every company will come out strong. Some industry experts predict that one of the companies will come out of top and might even become the synonym for cloud computing. On the other hand, smaller companies who provide personalized services for cloud computing are slowly coming out in the open. Their personalized services would be limited to few clients which will give them the ability optimize the services to their clients. 9. Services of Cloud Computing in India 1st  century economic power house: India, the 2nd  fastest growing economy has mesmerized the world with its stunningly high economic growth rate since last 2 decades. A World Bank report has projected that in 2010, the rate of growth of Indias economy would be faster than the currently fastest growing economy (i. e. China). What does this mean for SMBs, PSUs, MNCs or any business entity b ased in India? Last 5 years have seen Indian companies on a buying spree, resulting in acquiring many big small overseas companies. In brief, Indian companies, sitting on a huge cash piles, are ready to rapidly scale up in their niche. Interestingly, India is a global leader in providing IT services but the implementation of IT in its burgeoning domestic market is still lagging. This may be a boon in disguise as they have an opportunity to lap up the latest Cloud Computing technologies. Currently, most of the companies are start-ups and are nowhere near the global giants like Amazon, Google, Salesforce or Microsoft but they have the potentials to compete with these giants in near future. Here’s the list of India based Cloud Computing Service Providers, in random order. a) Zenith InfoTech †¢ Base Location: Mumbai, India †¢ Cloud Offering:  PROUD Cloud Type: IaaS An IT product development and innovation company. With an investment of INR 175-crore, this is considered as India’s one of the most ambitious RD efforts in IT. The company is expecting 2,000 3,000 clients of  Proud  in next 2 years. b) Wolf Frameworks †¢ Base Location: Bangaluru, India †¢ Cloud Offering: Wolf PaaS â € ¢ Cloud Type: PaaS Founded in 2006, it provides affordable cloud service with 99. 97% Service Level Assurance. Wolf is a browser based On Demand Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) for rapidly designing and delivering database driven multi-tenant Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) applications. One can get started without writing any piece of code whatsoever. Coding only comes in when you need custom templates or specific integration Business Rule actions c) OrangeScape †¢ Base Location: Chennai, India †¢ Cloud Offering: OrangeScape Cloud †¢ Cloud Type: PaaS The experience of building business applications of varying complexity across industries has made OrangeScape the most comprehensive PaaS (Platform as a Service) offering in the market. You can transform your idea into a SaaS application and can showcase them to your investors, partners and potential customers. It has an impressive list of customers viz. Ford, Pfizer, Geojit, Sify etc. d) TCS †¢ Base Location: India †¢ Cloud Offering: ITaaS †¢ Cloud Type: IaaS+SaaS ITaaS is a  Nano  in software. ITaaS framework is a one-stop shop for total end-to-end IT and hardware solutions. It includes hardware, network, bandwidth business software. Currently ITaaS is available for 5 sectors: Manufacturing, Retail, Healthcare, Education and Professional Services. e) Cynapse India †¢ Base Location: Mumbai, India †¢ Cloud Offering:  Cyn. in †¢ Cloud Type: IaaS + on Demand SaaS Cyn. n on demand is a cloud hosted service and is the quickest way to get your own cyn. in server, without the hassles of having to set it up. With a Cyn. in on-demand system, you get a dedicated virtual server running a Cyn. in appliance that is maintained updated by Cynapse and hosted by Amazon, ensuring an infrastructure-free and worry-free Cyn. in experience. f) Wipro Technologies †¢ Bas e Location: India †¢ Cloud Offering: Wipro w-SaaS †¢ Cloud Type: SaaS Wipro has built w-SaaS, a platform for rapid SaaS enablement and deployment on cloud, using some of the commonly accepted trends in software engineering and open standards. Wipro chose Oracle (Oracle Database, Oracle WebLogic Application Server and Oracle VM) as the deployment platform for w-SaaS enabled applications. The software vendor can deploy the same application on-premise or on the cloud using w-SaaS and Oracle. g) Netmagic Solutions †¢ Base Location: Mumbai, India †¢ Cloud Offering: CloudNet, CloudServe, PrivateCloud †¢ Cloud Type: IaaS Netmagic looks like a dedicated cloud provider in Indian market with a potential to become a big player in near future. h) Reliance Data Center  (a division of Reliance Communications) †¢ Base Location: India Cloud Offering: Reliance Cloud Computing Services †¢ Cloud Type: IaaS+SaaS+PaaS A hosted infrastructure service based on the  Microsoft  platform for Enterprises and SMBs geared to deliver  India’s largest cloud infrastructure. i) Infosys Technologies †¢ Base Location: Bangalore, India. †¢ Cloud Offering: Cloud based Solution for Auto Sector. †¢ Cloud Type: SaaS Infosys’ Cloud Computing Consulting and Service offerings enable organizations to adopt the Cloud Computing platform selectively and effectively. But brand Infosys, the most recognized IT brand from India has to put significant efforts to catch up with other cloud providers. ) Synage †¢ Base Location: Mumbai, India. †¢ Cloud Offering:  DeskAway †¢ Cloud Type: SaaS A Web company delivering  software as a service (SaaS)  over the Internet to the global audience. DeskAway  is the flagship product of Synage, based on a monthly or yearly subscription model, requiring zero-installation, and powered by a cutting-edge user interface, It’s the future of project team collaboration software. Though the companies listed here have a long way to go before they can be compared with the best in the world yet they have the potential to grow big with the growing Indian economy. 0) cloud computing and education Cloud computing  is another buzz word sp illing into the education sector and IT press. What does it mean for a teacher, for education, for a school? The term ‘cloud computing’ is synonymous with the terms ‘Software as a service’ (SaaS), a hosted service, or utility computing. And for anyone who wants to work from multiple locations – such as different campuses, home, conferences, and while travelling – cloud computing makes perfect sense. Using the services is a simple matter – register for free, agree to the terms and conditions, and then use the application. You don‘t pay, you don’t sign up for a plan, you (usually) don’t have to download anything, or pay licensing fees. For an individual, this is web heaven. What does it mean for education? Cloud computing is used in two ways in the education sector: †¢ by individual teachers or schools: they use the cloud to support particular teaching and learning experiences and the software is available, free, and ready to use. For students cloud applications can add richness and variety to their learning experience enabling them to undertake study activities and collaborate with other students outside standard school hours. The cloud enables an individual teacher to exploit new web software applications for learning purposes without their school. †¢ by jurisdictions: committing to an enterprise implementation. It enables and supports innovation in the use of new technologies for learning with minimal investment. What does it mean for schools? Cloud computing is used to provide enterprise services to schools and jurisdictions. A simple example of this is the  New South Wales Department of Education and Training which is using Google’s Gmail service  to provide an email service to all its school students. The use of the cloud means that increases in usage levels can be easily and immediately accommodated – that is, the service provider can supply additional computer processing power or storage capacity at peak periods, and can reduce supply when it’s not needed. That means jurisdictions don’t have to have to buy, support and maintain a whole infrastructure to service short peak periods. Instead it can utilize the capacity of the cloud. nternet juggernaut Google launched its 3D virtual world ‘Lively’ in July 2008 and closed it in December the same year, much to the dismay of some educators who had started using it for teaching and learning purposes. Cloud computing in education- 2010 Universities are already onboard. According to Educause, about 20% of Universitie s have already moved to a SaaS model for email. This isnt limited to small schools, Clemson University which has nearly 20,000 students switched from web mail to Gmail several years ago. Many schools are also embracing or considering Google Apps. Universites have a long history of academic cooperation. Whether through regional consortiums or techology, colleges and Universites have long built cooperative relationships with other institutions. University systems have a tremendous financial incentive to build shared cloud computing facilities. Alternatively, leading institutions could recoup investment in HPC research computers by selling excess cloud capacity to smaller institutions. Universities have the right identity infrastructure in place. Many schools have already built strong central identity management platforms using open standards around Web Services, Liberty, SAML, and XACML. Additionally, Universities have been strong adopters of Federated Identity technologies like PKI, and In Common. This identity infrastructure is necessary for central cloud services authentication which is absolutely crucial for privacy, compliance, governance, and chargeback billing. In addition to these factors, Universities are notoriously lean when it comes to IT, therefore provisioning a service/application makes a lot more sense the provisioning IT technology infrastructure and then provisioning a service/application. Finally, cloud computing will not be limited to higher education alone actually, it is a perfect fit for K-12 as well. States could establish and run central cloud computing services for schools, eliminate the need for local IT and tech support, and level the playing computing field between rich and poor school districts. In summary, cloud computing infrastructure, platforms, and applications fit education like a glove. Universities are already on board so expect some of the most aggressive and creative cloud implementations to be based on campus. References: http://www. itslearning. co. uk/microsoft ttp://blogs. educationau. edu. au/jmillea/2009/06/23/heading-into-the-cloud-cloud-computing-and-education/ http://www. helium. com/items/1951964-top-10-cloud-computing-service-providers http://groups. google. com/group/cloud-computing/web/list-of-cloud-platforms-providers-and-enablers http://www. nationmultimedia. com/home/2010/04/20/technology/2010-Year-of-cloud-computing-services-30127470. html http://www. exforsys. com/tutorials/cloud-computing/the-future-of-cloud-computing. html http://communication. howstuffworks. com/cloud-computing1. htm http://harbhag. wordpress. com/2010/01/02/cloud-computing/

Biography of Garrett Morgan, Inventor of the Gas Mask

Biography of Garrett Morgan, Inventor of the Gas Mask Garrett Morgan (March 4, 1877–July 27, 1963) was an inventor and businessman from Cleveland who is best known for inventing a device called the Morgan Safety Hood and Smoke Protector in 1914. The invention was later dubbed the gas mask. Fast Facts: Garrett Morgan Known For: Invention of safety hood (early gas mask) and mechanical traffic signalBorn: March 4, 1877 in Claysville,  KentuckyParents: Sydney Morgan, Elizabeth ReedDied: July 27, 1963 in Cleveland,  OhioEducation: Up to sixth gradePublished Works:  The  Cleveland Call, a weekly African American newspaper that he established in 1916, which became the  still-published Cleveland Call and Post in 1929Awards and Honors:  Recognized at the Emancipation Centennial Celebration in  Chicago, Illinois, in August 1963; schools and streets named in his honor; included in the 2002 book,  100 Greatest African Americans  by  Molefi Kete Asante; honorary member of  Alpha Phi Alpha  fraternitySpouse(s): Madge Nelson, Mary HasekChildren: John P. Morgan, Garrett A. Morgan, Jr., and Cosmo H. MorganNotable Quote: â€Å"If you can be the best, then why not try to be the best?†Ã‚   Early Life The son of former slaves, Garrett Augustus Morgan was born in Claysville, Kentucky, on March 4, 1877. His mother was half-Native American and half-white (her father was a white minister named  Rev.  Garrett  Reed), and his father was half-white, the son of the Confederate Colonel John Hunt Morgan, who led Morgans Raiders in the Civil War. Garrett was the seventh of 11 children, and his early childhood was spent attending school and working on the family farm with his brothers and sisters. While still a teenager, he left Kentucky and moved north to Cincinnati, Ohio, in search of opportunities. Although Morgans formal education never took him beyond elementary school, he worked to give himself an education, hiring a tutor while living in Cincinnati and continuing his studies in English grammar. In 1895, Morgan moved to Cleveland, Ohio, where he went to work as a sewing machine repairman for a clothing manufacturer, teaching himself as much as he could about sewing machinery and experimenting with the process. Word of his experiments and his proficiency for fixing things traveled fast and he worked for numerous manufacturing firms in the Cleveland area. In 1907, the inventor opened his sewing equipment and repair shop. It was the first of several businesses he would establish. In 1909, he expanded the enterprise to include a tailoring shop that employed 32 people. The new company turned out coats, suits, and dresses, all sewn with equipment that Morgan himself had made. Marriage and Family Morgan married twice, first to Madge Nelson in 1896; they were divorced in 1898. In 1908 he married Mary Anna Hasek, a seamstress from Bohemia: it was one of the earliest interracial marriages in Cleveland. They had three children, John P., Garrett A., Jr., and Cosmo H. Morgan. The Safety Hood (Early Gas Mask) In 1914, Morgan was awarded two patents for the invention of an early gas mask, the Safety Hood and Smoke Protector. He manufactured the mask and sold it nationally and internationally through the National Safety Device Company, or Nadsco, using a marketing strategy to avoid Jim Crow discrimination- what historian Lisa Cook calls anonymity by dissociation. At the time, entrepreneurs sold their inventions by conducting live demonstrations. Morgan appeared in these events to the general public, with municipal fire departments and city officials representing himself as his own assistant- a Native American man called Big Chief Mason. In the south, Morgan hired whites, sometimes public safety professionals, to stage demonstrations for him. His newspaper advertisements featured smartly dressed white male models. The gas mask proved very popular: New York City quickly adopted the mask, and eventually 500 cities followed suit. In 1916, a refined model of Morgans gas mask was awarded a gold medal at the International Exposition of Sanitation and Safety and another gold medal from the International Association of Fire Chiefs. The Lake Erie Crib Disaster On July 25, 1916, Morgan made national news for using his gas mask to rescue men trapped during an explosion in an underground tunnel located 250 feet beneath Lake Erie. No one had been able to reach the men, 11 of them had died as had 10 others attempting to rescue them. Called in the middle of the night six hours after the incident, Morgan and a team of volunteers donned the new gas masks and brought two workers out alive and recovered the bodies of 17 others. He personally gave artificial respiration to one of the men he rescued. Afterward, Morgans company received many additional requests from fire departments around the country that wished to purchase the new masks. However, the national news contained photographs of him, and officials in a number of southern cities canceled their existing orders when they discovered he was black. In 1917, the Carnegie Hero Fund Commission reviewed the reports of heroism displayed during the disaster. Based on news reports that downplayed Morgans role, the Carnegie board decided to give the prestigious Hero award to a minor figure in the rescue effort who was white, rather than to Morgan. Morgan protested, but the Carnegie Institution said he hadnt risked as much as the other person had because he had safety equipment. Some reports say the Morgan gas mask was modified and used in World War I after the Germans unleashed chemical warfare at Ypres on April 22, 1915, although theres no strong evidence for it. Despite Morgans popularity in the United States, there were dozens of other masks on the market by then, and most used in WWI were of English or French manufacture. The Morgan Traffic Signal In 1920, Morgan moved into the newspaper business when he established the Cleveland Call. As the years went on, he became a prosperous and widely respected businessman and was able to purchase a home and an automobile, invented by Henry Ford in 1903. In fact, Morgan was the first African-American to purchase an automobile in Cleveland, and it was Morgans experience while driving along the streets of that city that inspired him to invent an improvement to traffic signals. After witnessing a collision between an automobile and a horse-drawn carriage, Morgan took his turn at inventing a traffic signal. While other inventors had experimented with, marketed, and even patented traffic signals, Morgan was one of the first to apply for and acquire a U.S. patent for an inexpensive way to produce a traffic signal. The patent was granted on November 20, 1923. Morgan also had his invention patented in Great Britain and Canada. Morgan stated in his patent for the traffic signal: This invention relates to traffic signals, and particularly to those which are adapted to be positioned adjacent the intersection of two or more streets and are manually operable for directing the flow of traffic...In addition, my invention contemplates the provision of a signal which may be readily and cheaply manufactured. The Morgan traffic signal was a T-shaped pole unit that featured three positions: Stop, Go and an all-directional stop position. This third position halted traffic in all directions to allow pedestrians to cross streets more safely. Morgans hand-cranked semaphore traffic management device was in use throughout North America until all manual traffic signals were replaced by the automatic red, yellow  and green-light traffic signals currently used around the world. The inventor sold the rights to his traffic signal to the General Electric Corporation for $40,000. Other Inventions Throughout his life, Morgan was always experimenting to develop new concepts. Though the traffic signal came at the height of his career and became one of his most famous inventions, it was just one of several innovations he developed, manufactured, and sold over the years. Morgan invented a zig-zag stitching attachment for ​the  manually operated sewing machine. He also founded a company that made personal grooming products  such as hair dying ointments and the curved-tooth pressing comb. As word of Morgans life-saving inventions spread across North America and England, demand for these products grew. He was frequently invited to conventions and public exhibitions to demonstrate how his inventions worked. Death Along with many others, Morgan lost most of his wealth with the stock market crash, but it didnt stop his inventive nature. He developed glaucoma, but at the time of his death he was still working on a new invention: a  self-extinguishing  cigarette. Morgan died on August 27, 1963, at the age of 86. His life was long and full, and his creative energies were recognized both during and after his lifetime. Legacy Morgans inventions have had a tremendous impact on the safety and well-being of people all over the world- from miners to soldiers to first responders to ordinary car owners and pedestrians. Another ongoing legacy is his weekly newspaper, originally named the  Cleveland Call and now called the  Cleveland Call and Post. His achievements as a son of slaves, against all odds and in the face of Jim Crow era discrimination, are inspiring. Case Western University awarded him an honorary degree, and his papers are stored there.   Sources Asante, Molefi Kete (2002),  100 Greatest African Americans: A Biographical Encyclopedia. Amherst, New York: Prometheus Books.  ISBN  1 of Garrett Morgan. The Business History Review 86.2 (2012): 211–34. Print.Evans, Harold, Gail Buckland, and David Lefer. Garrett Augustus Morgan (1877–1963): He came to the rescue with his gas mask. They Made America: From the Steam Engine to the Search Engine: Two Centuries of Innovators. New York City: Little Brown, 2004.  Garner, Carla. â€Å"Garrett A., Sr. Morgan (1877-1963) BlackPast.†Ã‚  BlackPast, 29 Jan. 2019.King, William M. Guardian of the Public Safety: Garrett A. Morgan and the Lake Erie Crib Disaster. The Journal of Negro History 70.1/2 (1985): 1–13. Print.PBS, Garrett Augustus Morgan. Public Broadcasting Service.Smart, Jeffrey K. History of the Army Protective Mask. Natick, Massachusetts: NBC Defense Systems: Army Soldier and Biological Chemical Command, 1999. Print.

Literacy Practices Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Literacy Practices - Essay Example Writing and reading are always understood in the context they are written in. Many individuals consider reading as an easy way of handling boredom and the discomforts associated with waiting. It turns a time duration that will otherwise be rendered useless, into an appropriate chance for acquiring knowledge and also entertainment. Reading is effective in developing a barrier between an individual and the external world. This enables the individual to ignore the undesired attention and ensure the sense of privacy. Concentrating attention on text materials renders it socially appropriate to ignore the interaction with other individuals. The language that the text is written in is very important. For instance, the outsiders can consider individuals reading the English newspaper or magazine in India as favoring the foreign cultures. But, this does not illustrate the complexities of the usage of the English language in India. India’s national language, and thus is easily applied during the important official communications. In India, the English language is majorly associated with the middle and upper classes. Thus, reading English literary materials associates an individual with higher aspirations. English is the key language in India’s higher education system. Thus individual reading English texts, illustrates higher academic achievements. English is also the official communication language during large scale commerce nationally or internationally. Thus English is significant in the business culture. Lecture instructions, diaries and blogs are common everyday writings that are considered â€Å"vernacular literary practices.† The practices illustrate significant personal roles that assist in organizing life by making records of issues like; finance, birthdays, social contacts, and life documentaries. Analysis of these practices illustrates the insights into the practices of ordinary

Essay on Mental Health Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

On Mental Health - Essay Example Mental counselors consider the background of the client while advising him on a treatment package so that the treatment becomes affordable. Inclusion of the bartering system involving gifts in treatment packages are generally avoided by the consumer (Code of Ethics, 2000). Current treatment packages have been tailored according to the client’s needs. Treatment packages are directed towards early prevention as well as after care. But criticisms have come up against these treatment packages due to their adherence of strict duration irrespective of the patients needs. Some packages based on group treatments have been neglected individual care (Prinz, n.d). Payments under mental health services are also a complex issue as it is treated more categorically different than other health diseases under Medicare. Related medicines have also become more expensive (A Guide to Mental Wellness in Older Age: Recognizing and Overcoming Depression, n.d). Hence recent treatment packages have ben efitted the patients to some extents but also have proved to be costly. The current essay tends to address this issue through various cases and findings. Behavioral factors have always influenced health treatments and it is relatively more important for patients suffering from mental disorders. This factor is also clinically influential on the health conditions of the mental patients (American Psychiatry Association, 2000, p.732). Hence a proper behavior is essential while dealing with the mental patients. This falls under the ethical considerations of psychological treatment. Ethical Considerations The mental doctors or counselors should never hurt the patients by their behavior. No physical or mental torture will be tolerated by the client. Maintenance of trust during the treatment also falls under ethics. The client also needs to be fully aware of the nature of the treatment and its underlying expenses. Any kind of discriminations, be it gender or racial needs to be kept outside the purview of treatment. Engagement in close personal relationships during the course of treatment is considered to be harmful for the patients. Financial or business relationships should not be developed. It is important that mental patients continue with their treatments else it would prove detrimental. It is the doctor’s responsibility that mental patients come for their treatments regularly and consume the prescribed medicines (Code of Ethics, 2000). Treatment packages offered for mental patients Before suggesting any treatment for mental illness the doctors need to diagnose correctly the kind of mental disorder the patient is suffering from. This will certainly help the suggested treatment package to cater to the needs of the patients. The cause for such disorder is also equally important. Medical advance in the area of psychiatric treatment do help to serve these purposes. Mental illness treatment is considered to be either somatic or psychotherapeutic. Somatic disorde rs are to some extent curable with drugs. So psychiatrists often suggest drug therapy. These drugs consist of newly invented anti depressants. Medical prescriptions are prepared in accordance with the type of disorder. Electroconvulsive therapy is a part of psychotherapeutic method of treatment. Under such therapy electric shocks are given to the patients by attaching the electrodes to the patient’s head. Undoubtedly the treatment is a painful one but proved to be very effective for severe depressions that are less responsive to drugs (Doebbeling,

A Competitive Analysis Of Kingfisher Airlines Tourism Essay

A Competitive Analysis Of Kingfisher Airlines Tourism Essay To research and analyze how kingfisher airlines has retained one of the top position in a highly competitive market like India. To find out what makes them special from all other airlines in India. To find out how kingfisher airlines compete with leading airlines like Air Indian and Jet. To find out what customer tactics they used to bring more customers to the organization. Content summary To approach by doing SWOT and PEST analysis of the company by looking through the magazines and websites available on company. In order to analyze the companys strategy I will be doing 7p analysis. In order to make my objectives a true I will be carrying out an interview with fathers friend who is working in kingfisher airlines. I will be doing a case study on how kingfisher airline is different from and India Airlines. I will be also proposing some new strategies which can help the organization to improve their performance more Table of contents Page Table of Content 34 Objective 2 Content summary 2 Introduction 3 About the Company 5 History 5 Achievements 6 Marketing strategy 7 PESTEL Analysis 8 Political 8 Economical 8 Social 8 Technological 8 Environmental 9 Local 9 7 Ps Analysis 9 Product 9 Promotions 10 Price 10 People 10 Place 10 Physical evidence 11 Process 11 SWOT Analysis 11 Strengths 11 Weakness 12 Opportunities 12 Threats 12 Comparison Kingfisher VS Indian Airlines 1213 Suggestion and recommendation 14 Appendix 14 Questionnaire References 15 Introduction Kingfisher Airlines Limited is a major  Indian  airline. Kingfisher operates more than 400 flights a day and has a network of 72 destinations, with regional and long-haul international services. Kingfisher Airlines, through one of its holding companies  United Breweries Group, has a 50 percent stake in  low-cost carrier  Kingfisher Red, formerly known as Air Deccan. Kingfisher Airlines is one of six airlines in the world to have a five-star rating from  Skytrax, along with  Asian Airlines,  Malaysia Airlines,  Qatar Airways,  Singapore Airlines  and  Cathay Pacific Airways. In May 2009, Kingfisher Airlines carried more than a million passengers, giving it the highest market share among airlines in India. Kingfisher has its registered office in the  UB Tower  in  Bangalore  and its head office in the Kingfisher House in  Mumbai. History The airline started operations on 9 May 2005, following the  dry lease  of four brand new  Airbus A320-200  aircraft. Its first flight was from Mumbai  to  Delhi. At the launch of the airline, Dr. Mallya said that he is committed to achieving our ambition of making Kingfisher Airlines Indias largest private airline both in capacity and market share by 2010. The airline ushered in a new era of luxury in Indias domestic aviation sector with its brand new aircraft with stylish red interiors, and smartly dressed crew and ground staff. Kingfisher was the first Indian airline to have  in-flight entertainment  (IFE) systems on every seat even on domestic flights. All passengers were given a welcome kit consisting goodies such as a pen, facial tissue and headphones to use with the IFE system. Initially, passengers were able to watch only recorded TV programming on the IFE system, but later an alliance was formed with  Dish TV  to provide live TV in-flight. And in a marked departure from tradition, Kingfisher Airlines decided to have an on-screen  safety demonstration  using the IFE system. On 14 July 2008, Kingfisher unveiled its first ever  Wide-body aircraft, a  Airbus A330-200  at the 46th  Farnborough Air show  held in July 2008. Kingfishers first Airbus A330-200 was widely billed as the best A330-200 ever built by  Airbus. On 3 September 2008, Kingfisher started its international operations by connecting  Bangalore  with  London. Achievements Kingfisher Airlines has received three global awards at the SKYTRAX World Airline Awards   Named Best Airline In India / Central Asia; Best Cabin Crew Central Asia Kingfisher RED named Best Low Cost Airline in India / Central Asia NDTV Profit Business Leadership Award for Aviation   awarded to Kingfisher Airlines by NDTV twice in two years Indias only 5 Star airline, rated by Skytrax  and  6th airline in the world   to be certified as  5 star airline by Skytrax Ranked amongst Indias Top Service Brands of 2008 ranking by Pitch  magazine Voted as  Indias Favourite Airline in a survey conducted by an independent research firm with 46% votes compared to others Rated as Asia Pacifics Top Airline Brand in a survey conducted by TNS on Asia Pacifics Top 1,000 Brands for 2008 Brand Leadership Award in the service and hospitality segment against several acclaimed hotels, leading banks and other airlines Economic Times Avaya Award 2006 for Excellence in  Customer Responsiveness award is presented by the highly acclaimed Business Daily, Economic Times Indias No. 1 Airline in customer satisfaction Business World Rated amongst Indias most respected companies Business World Rated amongst Indias 25 Innovative Companies in a  survey conducted by Plan man Media in 2006 The Best Airline and Indias Favourite  Carrier in a Survey conducted by The Times of India Service Excellence 2005-2006 for a New Airline   by Skytrax, a UK based specialist global air transport advisor Ranked Third in the survey on Indias Most Successful Brand launch of 2005 Under the Brand Derby Survey conducted by Indias leading business daily Business Standard Busiest Brands of 2005 ranked amongst the Top Ten busiest brands of 2005  and 2006 across product categories, in the survey conducted by agency faqs and The Brand Reporter Best New Airline of the Year Award for 2005   Centre for Asia Pacific Aviation (CAPA) Award in the Asia-Pacific and Middle East region Marketing strategies Kingfisher Airlines has a clearly defined target audience- SEC A, SEC B+ (socio-economic class) in the age group of 25-45 years of age. Kingfisher Airlines offers brand new aircraft, designer interiors, gourmet cuisine and in flight-entertainment (there are five channels of FUN TV and 10 channels of Kingfisher Radio, which are personalized). Communicate with guests at multiple touch points. They use all media of communication television, print, radio, outdoor, malls, multiplexes, clubs, pubs, in-flight etc. The guests are constantly informed of their new offers.   They offer tickets to theatre screenings, fashion shows, sports screenings etc to their frequent travellers (club members). Their Partners Program has been very successful. They have tied up with the best of brands across industries. Tata Tetley, Pepsi, Microsoft, Inox, Kenzo , IFB, Taj, Park Hotels and Oxford book stores have been some of leading partners. PESTEL Analysis Political Foreign airlines are not allowed to buy a stake in domestic airlines. International route regulations Closing down of domestic airports Open sky policy Economical Contribution to the Indian economy Rising cost of fuel Investment in the sector of aviation The growth of the middle income group family affects the aviation sector. Shortage of the infrastructure capacity Social Development of cities leads to better services and airports Employment opportunities Safety regulations The status symbol attached to a plane travel. Technological The growth of e-commerce and e-ticketing Satellite based navigation system Modernisation and privatisation of the airports Developing green filed airports with private sector for example in Bangalore the airport corporation limited. Environmental The increase in global warming The sudden and the unexpected behaviour of the atmosphere and the dependency on whether Shortage of the infrastructural capacity Tourism saturation Legal Bilateral treaties Airlines acquisitions and the leasing cost In the United States, low-cost airlines often operated from small airports that charge lower fees and that did not suffer from the congestion at large airports In India, however, government policy did not allow the creation of airports closer than 150KM from each other, and the old airports at Bangalore and Hyderabad were closed down when the new one started. 7 Ps Product Fleet size Aircrafts International foray Promotions Advertisements Magazines and newspaper ads Exposure at non-corporate events Participation at international airs hows Endorsing celebrities like Katrina Kaif and Deepika padukone Price Dynamic pricing model multiple fare levels Uniform rules No hidden restrictions Pricing models eight different levels Discounts provided from time to time People Backbone of the brand Extensive trainings Hospitality industry and consider their customer as guest Interpersonal skills, aptitude, and service knowledge Place Online booking (official site) Online booking Yatro.com, make my trip.com, ezeego1.com Credit cards and debit cards payment SMS/call Outlets in every major city and at every airport across the country Physical evidence Personal valets Exclusive lounge space Hi! Blitz Gourmet cuisine World class cabin crew Kingfisher radio Process Booking the ticket online booking or telephone booking or from any of the kingfisher outlets and private agencies. SWOT Analysis Strength First airline with full new fleet of aircraft Quality hospitality provided to customers. Route rationalization. Already having training academy. Weaknesses Service delivery to metros and other big cities Yet not in a high profit. High ticket pricing Opportunities Under penetrated domestic market Chances International market Untapped air cargo market Expanding tourism industry Threats Existing operators Infrastructure issue Fuel price hike Economic slowdown Kingfisher VS Indian Airlines Areas Indian airlines Kingfisher Airlines Reservation Ticket can be booked by ringing or visiting the office. As soon as waiting list ticket get confirmed they will call the customers on the given contact number Passengers can make the booking first and purchase the ticket later Ticket can be cancelled over phone or through fax 24hr before the journey By the help of user friendly websites Kingfisher airline office Authorized agents Payment can be made by the debit card, credit card, payment at kingfisher airlines office, credit note Kingfisher airline provides the home delivery of tickets and maintains direct relation with the customers. Fares Special fares offered for army forces, war disabled officers, war widows, blind persons, cancer patients, person suffering from 80% and above locomotive disability. Concessional fare to senior citizens, students etc. Fare apply only for carriage from airport at the point of origin to the airport at the point of destination It has 30 to 40 % lower ticket coast compared to other carrier operating in the country Meals Indicate the personal meal preference at the time of booking to ensure correct meal on board the flight Special meals: provided to passengers Indian vegetarian, western vegetarian, Hindu non- vegetarian, children food items etc. On board Choose from the readymade food Business class and economic class Order what you like freshly made on board Equality in class , no differentiation Low cost On ground More waiting time Satisfactory handling of delays Less waiting time Efficient handling of delays Suggestions and recommendation Reduce labour cost Simplify the flight operations Offer more transparent pricing Get smart on fuel The process of acquiring spice jet if complete would make kingfisher the larget player in the aviation industry Different modes of pricing should be taken care of Needs to change brand perceptions Gain optional efficiencies through alliances as with Jet Airways Fleet size expansion Partnering with Jet Airways and some depending brands. Appendix As part of the report preparation I visited my dads friend who is working in kingfisher and I had an interview with him. I went through many magazines who wrote articles about kingfishers and Dr. Mallyas success. I have talked with some of my friends who got chance to fly in kingfisher. They explained to me the facilities they got and their rating to the flight travel. Questionnaire As a supplier, what major trends have you witnessed in the manner consumers in India buy travel especially air ticket? How would you describe your target audience? How do you assess the current positioning of Kingfisher Airlines? Companies are going about brand activation at multiple consumer touch-points. How are you balancing your offline and online marketing initiatives? How tough is it in the current environment to build connect with consumers? How successful has been your Partners Program, a forum where like-minded brands to Kingfisher Airlines can come on the same platform and achieve respective marketing objectives?